Start-up Stories 1: Enhancing wellbeing with beautiful post breast-cancer lingerie

Creating beautiful post breast-cancer lingerie, with both support and style

Enhancing the wellbeing of women following breast cancer surgery.

Millie Lingerie

Sue Pringle, founder

Sitting in my office at BioCity, Nottingham, my attention is taken by Sue Pringle, as she passionately recounts her story from 2 years previous, of being reduced to tears in the fitting rooms of a major retailer, by disbelief, frustration and distress. Why?  Weeks before Sue had been discharged from hospital following breast cancer surgery,and her existing wardrobe was no longer suitable, given her changed breast shape and form, and the swelling and sensitive scar tissues that would remain for years to come. So the morning in question she'd bravely set out to restock her bras.

It occurred to me that this was no small undertaking, for someone who had endured so much, with months of pain and discomfort following breast surgery (she had been spared the chemo/radio therapy endured by many others), and now being given the all clear, boldly steps out to confront the reality of a changed body image and dented self-confidence.  Imagine the impact, when after hours of increasingly frustrated wandering, and many shops, she is finally confronted with the realisation that there are no bras available that supply both the specialist support & comfort required, and the style that helps rebuild her self-confidence, wellbeing and overall health!  Hence the tears as the reality of the situation struck!

”nobody seems to get it”,  

Sue recalls, as she blinks back a tear at the memory.

“It’s so frustrating when you really need to buy and you can’t find anything suitable!”

“I was so…well…. Angry, Nick”

There are post-surgical bras that work fine physically, as Sue went on to explain, but;

“I want to be able to stand in front of the mirror and

look like me, not Auntie Nora!”

So being the determined and dynamic lady that she is, Sue resolved to do something about it, by forming Millie Lingerie, and developing a specialist range of ‘beautiful post breast-cancer lingerie’.

That was almost a year ago, when I was interviewing Sue for entry into the Next Business Generation accelerator programme.  There started a roller-coaster ride, as founder and coach, in which we’ve learnt a great deal!  I’ve come to see post-surgical bras as a ‘soft medical device’ of considerable complexity, and to really appreciate the impact on self-confidence and wellbeing of stylish lingerie (or rather its lack!).  Sue has worked tirelessly, applying lean start-up approaches to confirm the need and develop a robust business model.  Interviewing and competitor testing, with many women in a similar position, and confirming that most feel like her, and have had similar experiences.  Seventy percent of over 100 women surveyed confirmed that they were indeed dissatisfied with current products, and a lot were keen to know when the new products would be available!

“You expect me to wear that”

Laura, (during a shopping trip to test existing products).

Today Millie has an initial design, and Sue is ready to start development of the first prototype. Next, will be “scaling up”, by creating the many different sizes that a single product range needs, and manufacturing process development.  Then finally first product launch.  To get there she of course needs funding, and for this next step to obtain that first prototype, is inviting the community of those touched by, or who care about, breast cancer, to contribute through a Kickstarter crowdfunding campaign.  The rewards include cloth bags and tee-shirts carrying Millie’s adopted, and amazingly appropriate, proverb (31:25);

“She is clothed in strength and dignity,

and laughs without fear of the future”

As Sue say’s,

“Imagine in time, thousands of women wearing gorgeous Millie bras, feeling more confident & comfortable about their clothed bodies, with a smile on their face.

That would be something, wouldn’t it?”

It’s been my pleasure and privilege to act as Sue’s coach on this journey so far, and I am confident that this great future will arrive.  I invite you to have a look at the Kickstarter campaign page, where Sue’s video explains far better than I, and contribute as you wish.  I have, and intend to stay around to help Sue navigate the business to success.

The campaign launches 28^th May, and you can pledge support in advance here.

Nick Pope

This post is part of an occasional series exploring the founders journeys of Lifescience based / Medical start-up companies.  Including participants / alumni of the Next Business Generation programme , Nottingham,UK.

Lessons for “Lean Start-up” / “Evidence based Entrepreneurs” in Lifesciences: 2

Reducing development & reimbursement risk,

whilst achieving pre-approval sales.

Intercytex Ltd

Paul Kemp, CEO

I spoke recently with Paul Kemp, CEO of cellular therapy company Intercytex, regarding approaches to reducing time, cost and risk in product development and reimbursement.  Including their “Progressive Translation” approach and forthcoming Cell2therapy^TM “Contract Translation Service”.

Development & pre-approval sales

Paul began by outlining two long standing routes to getting product to the patient (in UK) before a formal MHRA marketing license:

·    “Specials” – this applies to any type of medicinal product but has to be a bone fide request from a clinician and can only be used if a licensed alternative is not available, the product can be exported if it is legal to supply unlicensed products to patients in the receiving country.

·    “Hospital Exemption” – for ATMP (i.e. Regen Med & gene therapy) only, and applies even if a licensed alternative is available, provided that the physician determines this is better.  But is hospital use only, and cannot be routine, nor exported. .

He then mentioned the work of Brian Salter, who believes that the development of Stem Cell therapeutic products is predominantly;

·    Science led in The West; so that patients/doctors etc. have to wait until a company delivers a licensed therapy.   It’s a very linear approach, risky and time consuming.

·    Demand led in The East; with an individual patient focus & based upon clinical experience and medical innovation, and is a circular (iterative) processes. (C.f. transplantation in the UK). Hence it’s quicker and less risky.  However, this approach cannot achieve broad application until a marketing license is obtained.

Intercytex have developed a "Progressive Translation” approach, which combines the best of both worlds. This arose during their development of their fibroblast preparation based wrinkle therapy.  They followed the classic linear approach and completed Phase two trials.  Unfortunately the Fibroblast prep was not sufficiently efficacious using the trial’s protocol to make it economically viable.  Part of problem was that in phase 2b one uses “Dose ranging” to determine optimal doses ready for  phase 3.  However, as Paul explained, for cells (cell based products) this is not that relevant – more important is the overall protocol such as number of doses over what time i.e. “Protocol ranging” - and phase 2 approvals don’t allow this!

They were in the classic trap of being locked into a product that does not work (well enough), and nowhere to go – so abandon?  Not in their case: they realised some of their trial physicians were using Fibroblast preps under the Specials procedure to test out as a therapy for Epidermolysis bullosa and scar contractures.  So they pivoted to these applications, and are taking a “time-out” from phase 2 trials.  The clinicians are treating patients under Specials, with “very promising results”, and the information gained is helping to develop a better protocol for use in later trials.  What’s more, clinicians are sometimes able to obtain reimbursement on a “Named Patient” basis.  And all of this is within existing legislation.

The one thing to be particularly careful about, Paul indicated, is that a company cannot promote a Special product nor make any efficacy claims, so that care needs to be taken in getting physicians involved.  Intercytex are looking at the optimum way to interact with clinicians with the current legislative framework

They are establishing Cell2therapy^TM a “Contract Translation Service", in collaboration with UHSM at Wythenshawe in order to provide this to third parties.

The other approach Intercytex are taking to de-risk development is “to build change into the product from the start”.   The issue is once you’ve defined and agreed your product with the regulator, you are locked in.  So subsequent changes need a large effort, to effectively go back to the start.  

Paul’s approach now, is to discuss with the regulator, “testing the water”, to define the minimum aspects necessary to achieve the expected function of the product (effectively an MVP), thereby providing sufficient leeway for later stage product modifications.  This allows process and even product changes, provided “comparability” can be determined.  

He also mentioned, that once in phase 3, there are the more widely know approaches to expediting registration/sales, such as conditional licenses, orphan status, breakthrough product designation….”the national competent authorities around the world have appreciated that the current standard clinical trial process provides a huge burden to a therapy developer, and are working to improve the situation without compromising patient safety.”

Reimbursement games

A further benefit of the specials etc. approach (achieving pre-approval sales), is that “you develop some degree of market pricing”, along with evidence for cost: benefit, which then aids in reimbursement discussions. It’s also the case that patients can pay for specials, hospital exemptions etc. themselves, although co-payment is not possible (in UK).  This helps to de-risks reimbursement negotiations. 

“we are learning the reimbursement games”!

-----

 This post is part of an occasional series exploring lessons for risk, time and cost reduction, and the application of Lean Start-up techniques and Evidence based Entrepreneurialism to Lifescience based start-up companies.  Ideas explored during The Science of Entrepreneurship event, and practiced at Next Business Generation, Nottingham.

Lessons for “Lean Start-up” / “Evidence based Entrepreneurs” in Lifesciences

Tightly define both your product/service offering

 and the customer’s problem that it solves

Imagen Biotech

Rod Benson COO

(10/3/14)

I spoke recently with Rod Benson of Imagen Biotech, which he founded in 2007, with the proposition of being a High Content Screening CRO for Pharma Industry.  As you may recall, around this time HCS was the broadly seen as the new panacea for all the sector’s R&D ills, and many expected that it would fulfil the promise of restoring innovation and productivity to Big Pharma R&D (as had been thought for HTS previously!).  So this seemed like a great idea. 

Rod’s lesson for “Evidence Based Entrepreneurs” (lean start-up) is that a specific tight definition of the problem to be solved and solution to that problem (that you are offering), gives rise to clear and actionable interest, whereas broad multivariate offerings are deceptively well received (false positives), but give little real learning, and do not translate to sales.

Initial discussions with a number of Pharma’s, proposing a service offering based on a broad panel of many different assays within a HCS platform, gave lots of positive indications of interest.  So a business plan was put together, a working bank overdraft of 50K obtained based on a letter of intent from AstraZeneca. Early on they obtained a grant, several small studies and two larger contracts which made the company look as if it was following a healthy start-up trajectory. This allowed them to write an upbeat business plan to raise 400K to upgrade their equipment.  However, things started to “go off the rails” after this 400K investment in 2011.  Sales leads failed to materialize and this continued to grow worse during 2012 resulting in a year on year decrease in turnover. Whilst some of this is likely due to the tough economic conditions and the patent cliff, Rod contends that although the broad service offering created early interest, it leads to a woolly sales message….

“What companies prefer to be told is how they can solve a specific problem [assuming this is so] and that you have a specific answer that will solve this for them”.  

With a cash crisis looming at the end of 2012, they looked around to see what other opportunities where available with the now more developed technology base. Existing collaborative work, with The University of Manchester, showed good clear results in testing for cell death within glioblastoma stem cell cancer samples.  And their own drug discovery program around phenotypic screening of natural product libraries was showing promise. After an initial aborted fundraising attempt and  careful financial modelling of the personalized medicine idea, they concluded that development of a business around personalized chemotherapy had all the “upside” of a blockbuster drug but none of the downside of trying to get a new entity through first phase clinical trials.  Armed with this they wrote a much more focussed plan based solely on personalized chemotherapy and Pivoted from a broad general service offering to a specific one focused on offering a chemosensitivity assay to the NHS and private hospital sector.  With this and a new CEO, they were able to raise investment of ~£1M from a HNW syndicate, which in Rod’s words “happened only just in time”!  Imagen Biotech is now developing this new service platform with a great deal of specific interest from potential customers. 

Could this pivot have happened much earlier?  Actually, not that much.  Neither the screens themselves nor the enabling vision-hardware & software were sufficiently developed at the start, for this possibility to exit even perceptually. 

His conclusion, to reiterate, is that a specific tight definition of the problem to be solved and solution to that problem (that you are offering), gives rise to clear and actionable interest, whereas broad multivariate offerings are deceptively well received (false positives), but give little real learning, and do not translate to sales.

Rod also observed that “Service businesses just don’t [normally] give enough uplift for VCs”.

This post is part of an occasional series exploring lessons for risk, time and cost reduction, and the application of Lean Start-up techniques and Evidence based Entrepreneurialism to Lifescience based start-up companies.  Ideas that will be explored in the forthcoming The Science of Entrepreneurship event, and are practiced at Next Business Generation, Nottingham.

CrowdCure: Combining Philanthropy with Upside Potential

Is CrowdCure the answer to the tricky dilemma of true crowdfunding for biotech start-ups & drug discovery?   To find out I spoke with Charles Groome, founder of the soon to be launched CrowdCure.

Charles is a Neuroscience graduate of UCL, who started his career trading pharmaceutical stocks at financial services firm Knight Capital, and then left to raise a $25 million venture capital fund to invest in early-stage biotech companies focused on longevity. Despite raising commitments for a third of this sum, he failed to secure sufficient funds overall. He also worked to raise seed capital for one of the companies he planned to eventually back, and so encountered most of the life science VCs on both sides of the Atlantic. His conclusion that VC risk and time profiles are inappropriate for drug discovery, is shared by many of us (e.g. see Funds & Fundability).  The success of Kickstarter et al drew his attention, indicating the success of the crowdfunding approach to specific projects, with its philanthropic nature and ability to pool small sums of money from large numbers of people.

He’s not alone in that of course, as many have considered this approach.  The issue is generally how to marry long timescales & high risk with investment to obtain a return.  CrowdCure’s solution is first to tap into philanthropy in the crowd, with the spice of a potential upside if a particular project is eventually successful.  And secondly, to recognise any success as early as possible, by sharing collaborative revenues, as well as acquisition proceeds.

How does it work?  CrowdCure establishes a “Special Purpose Vehicle” company for each project. 

As part of a “Research Financing Agreement” the SPV exclusively licenses Project IP from the Biotech Company seeking funding, and then sub-licenses it back to the Company, who continue to control asset development. All future Project revenue streams from licensing are transferred to the SPV. The SPV has two lines of shares; voting and non-voting. The voting shares are held in trust and the non-voting shares are distributed as “Research Income Rights”^TM (RIR) to the crowdfunders (via the online portal) and to the Biotech company. This is done in line with a third-party attained valuation.

CrowdCure Ltd receives a commission as a % of funds raised, and “Research Drivers LLP”, the SPV trustee shareholder and administration entity (which licenses the whole structure), receives a small % of any future SPV income pre-distribution. CrowdCure Ltd is an Appointed Representative of an FCA Authorised Firm.

If the biopharma asset develops to the point of commercial value, Big Pharma can either sub-license it from the SPV or acquire the SPV outright.

A SPV approach was used a lot in the early days of US biotech, and seems similar to recent approaches taken by Versant and Atlas Ventures (Fierce Biotech articles).  Charles is an advocate, pointing out the benefit for a biotech being able to raise separate funds for each of a portfolio of single projects, and subsequently selling on the projects when new skill sets are needed.  Whilst recognising that the crowd are more interested in backing Projects with a social cause (e.g. cure Alzheimer's) than investing in risky and obscurely named Biotech companies.  Becoming a “Cure Pioneer” recognises their contribution, and motivates along with the chance for upside.  The RIR approach seems to be novel though.

So what are they looking for?  Its early stage pharmaceutical opportunities, pre-clinical, with a validated/proven target being required, and hit discovery welcomed.  They will also check it out thoroughly, conducting VC’esque Due Diligence on the science & data, requiring a sound project plan & budget, and checking out the team & company background, IP etc.  It also has to fit with their portfolio, which will diversify, rarely addressing already invested areas.

CrowdCure sees itself as a global portal “Crowdfunding for Life”, acting as a “Branded Venture Broker”, enabling sophisticated investors, High Net Worths and “qualified investors” (anyone who can answer six questions on their site) to all contribute.  They are planning to be the first UK & USA operating portal.  Appropriate regulatory requirements are in place in UK, and nearing completion in USA.  With launch scheduled for late July, these are exciting times.

They have big plans – by year 5, to raise over £100m and progress at least one project into clinical trials. 

So for the Biotech, an alternative approach to get that early capital so elusive at present, and

for VCs, perhaps a source of future de-risked opportunities, risk-sharing or co-investment?

For the investor, this is high risk investing, and Charles is keen to stress that.  None the less, if you want to do some good in the world, and would appreciate a possible upside as well, this could be worth a look.  As Charles points out, you too can become a “Cure Pioneer”…….

Lifescience / Healthcare Start-up Evolution?

Lean Start-up, Accelerators and Business Model Canvas in Lifescience/Healthcare?

Can the Lifesciences / Healthcare sector’s business start-ups learn from the experience and techniques of the Tech / Digital sectors? I’m thinking particularly of speed to market, and success rates.  If so it this could well boost investment into this sectors start-ups!

As a starting point to investigating this further I’m reviewing/benchmarking the use of three “techniques” within Lifescience/healthcare sector, and would like to ask or your help with this, via three queries.  The aforementioned “techniques” are listed below along with links to brief Linked-In polls.  Many thanks in anticipation of your help - I will of course freely publish the results on my Blog!

1.      The rise of the Tech Accelerators such as the original Y-Combinator and TechStars, and a number of followers in USA & Europe, are a testament to the success of the Accelerator approach (reviewed by NESTA report Start Up Factories, and utilising community based approach elaborated by Brad Feld www.startuprev.com).  Until the recent Health Wildcatters launch in Dallas and Harvard announcement for funding of a new healthcare accelerator, there appeared to be none active in our sector. Are you aware of any others existing or planned?

Poll: http://linkd.in/12wJRSl

Related are the “Lean Start-up” , movement developed by Eric Ries (theleanstartup.com), and the Business Model Generation techniques of Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur (www.businessmodelgeneration.com.  In particular techniques such as Minimum Viable Product and Business Model Canvascanvas.  These are reviewed in brief article by Steve Blank, Why the Lean Start-Up Changes Everything (hbr.org/2013/05/why-the-lean-start-up-changes-everything/ar/1).

 Are you aware of these techniques being used in Lifesciences / Healthcare sub-sectors?

2.      Lean Start-up                              Poll: http://linkd.in/17oPuHR

3.      Business Model Canvas             Poll: http://linkd.in/17oPl7b

I look forward to receiving your input.

Many thanks

Nick
nickpope@biospring.co.uk

Open Innovation in early Pharma: #2

Networked Pharma – Finance (NWkRx F5)

I recently spoke with Harry Wilson of Innocentive’s UK office about Open Innovation & Crowdsourcing in Pharma discovery.

Innocentive originally spun out from Lilly, and their UK office was obtained by acquiring Omnicomplete (itself a spinout of LBS).  They operate as a platform where “seekers” can post their R&D “Challenges”, and solvers post their responses. The seeker often stays anonymous and the responses are held confidentially. Solvers are selected on a basis of submitted plans, with the financial reward only being paid out if solvers meet the pre-defined criteria. In this way, seekers only pay for results, not research time.

Most of their work so far has been pharmaceutical, although they are now diversifying.  Seekers are companies, charities, and other organisation. 

There are three levels of challenge available to a seeker (with increasing price for the service), Brainstorm (self-service using their platform), Premium (which involves their experts) and a Grand Challenge which is “transformative” in the world and is phased with intermediate challenges. The latter involves therapy area experts, and is typified by the recently successfully completed $1m Prize4Life which sought to identify a biomarker for ALS (needed to reduce timescale and costs of clinical trials).  See their case study blog.

Recent developments are;

• Combining Crowsourcing with Crowdfunding, via the peer-to-peer philanthropy marketplace GlobalGiving, and the Rockefeller Foundation, to crowdsource solutions to problems facing vulnerable communities. Blog.
• Discussing with VCs the possibility of combining activities in “Prize Venturing”

Although neither of these are specifically pharmaceutical, they are interesting as new approaches worth considering.

Siobhan Gibney Gomis, Senior Director of Operations Grand Challenges, and Deputy Head of EMEA, InnoCentive, will be attending the Networked Pharma Funds & Fundability workshop on 28^th June in London http://www.networkedpharma.com/funding.

BioSpring Ltd is a member of Networked Pharma Partnership, a not for profit organisation dedicated to assisting development of a new paradigm for drug discover & development

Networked Pharma Partnership; Building Innovative Networks in Drug Discovery & Development

A series of workshops are being run during 2012, leading to an international congress in early 2013, which will bring together all stake-holders (Corporate Pharmas, SMEs, CROs, Universities, VCs, CVCs, Research Councils, Charities, Regulators & Government bodies etc.) to formulate the new business model(s) for the future success of the industry.

Follow us:

Twitter @NWkPharma,      #NWkRx

The Changing Nature of investing in early Pharma / Biotech: Serial Entrepreneurs' Perspective

Networked Pharma – Finance (NWkRx F3)

I spoke with Andy Richards earlier today (15^th June 2012) regarding the perceived funding gap for drug discovery.

Andy’s view is that although there is a gap, it is not as large as generally perceived.  There is much more money available, people interested in investing, and [equity] funding going on, than is generally thought.  It’s just that it is coming from alternative (non-VC) sources which are not recorded in the generally used statistics, such as High Net Worth individuals, CVCs, sovereign wealth funds and pension funds.

Also such investment is being used to grow assets/products for selling off, rather than to build big companies (a point also made by Julian Gilbert in a recent discussion). Consequently there is little infrastructure building or PR activities undertaken, and so such companies and investment deals are much less visible than in previous times!

Both Andy and Julian will elaborate on their perspectives during the Networked Pharma Funds & Fundability workshop at Holiday Inn, Regents Park, London, on 28^th June.

The workshop will examine who is funding, what they are funding and what makes a fundable investment, as well as the rise of open innovation & crowdsourcing. Andy & Julian will be joined by speakers from VC and CVC, Pharma, CROs, BBSRC, the Wellcome Trust, TSB/KTN and others. For more information and to register see www.networkedpharma.com/funding.

BioSpring Ltd is a member of Networked Pharma Partnership, a not for profit organisation dedicated to assisting development of a new paradigm for drug discover & development

Networked Pharma Partnership; Building Innovative Networks in Drug Discovery & Development

A series of workshops are being run during 2012, leading to an international congress in early 2013, which will bring together all stake-holders (Corporate Pharmas, SMEs, CROs, Universities, VCs, CVCs, Research Councils, Charities, Regulators & Government bodies etc.) to formulate the new business model(s) for the future success of the industry.

Follow us:

Twitter @NWkPharma,      #NWkR
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Motivation: Money is not enough

Just watched a YouTube video covering a Dan Pink talk on motivation.

Surprising findings - or are they really !

In a nut shell:

• Money motivates for physical tasks
• Money does not motivate and more money is in fact counterproductive where cognitive functions are required.

Provided salary is sufficient (so no longer an issue) motivation comes from:

1. Autonomy / self-direction
2. Mastery of activities,becoming expert etc
3. Purpose, such as making a difference in the world!

Hence why Wikipedia, Linux etc succeed.

Further when profit maximisation and purpose maximisation align, companies succeed e.g. Apple, and when they decouple sub-optimal or even inappropriate outcomes result.  I leave the reader to consider an example of the latter!

Aligns with what I have always believed - run a great business delivering what people need and doing good, and profit will follow as just reward.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6XAPnuFjJc&feature=player_embedded

Another take on the “Effectual Reasoning” / “Search Process” of Entrepreneurs

• Do the doable, then push it
• Woo partners first
• Don’t bother with market research, customers are your market research
• Worry about competitors later
• Don't limit yourself

From Inc Magazine

http://www.inc.com/magazine/20110201/how-great-entrepreneurs-think.html

Plus http://effectuation.org/

Life Science Leader - Effective Interactions

The art of actively listening - catch the communication sent to you !

Life Science Leader - Effective Interactions

How to be an Entrepreneur?

How to be an entrepreneur?

I attended an excellent “Venturefest Bristol” 3^rd November 2011

Paul Magelli, a serial entrepreneur (including being CEO of Apertio, which he sold to Nokia Siemens Networks in 2008), was keynote speaker.  His experience and tips on being an entrepreneur were very enlightening. They follow (as I understood them):

The difference between a ‘professional’ and an ‘amateur’ entrepreneur, is the number of mistakes you’ve made !  More is better !

Think global, maintain pace & know your proposition (what your customer will buy!  Sales is helping customer to see the benefit).

1. Entrepreneurship is a Search, NOT a Serial process
   A process of matching the seed of a capability with an unsatisfied need.
   [This aligns with ‘Effectual’ and ‘Causal’ reasoning from 'What makes Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurial?’  Saras D. Sarasvathy 2005]

2. Entrepreneurs Conceive, convince & consummate – all skills for this needed as part of your team. Form the team and practice!

3. Basic ingredients for success: Technology (a science), Team (good teamwork/fit paramount – a craft), and Timing (the art of being ready or in right place at right time).

4. The team you start with will not necessary be team at exit – manage expectation from start.

5. Responsiveness: the ability to execute fast, within others decision loops, is one of your best advantages.

6. Knowing which decisions need all the data, 80% of, or only 20% of, is a key skill.

7. VCs want to see the value of their investment grow – which is not necessarily the same as the value of the company growing !

8. You are the best judge of value – do not abdicate that responsibility!

9. Always have 4 alternatives – not just a plan B!  Always plan for success and failure.

10. Enjoy the journey; the exit is not the only reward. But, if there is no economic reward, then it’s a hobby !

11. You can succeed!

Useful list of principles  for success from Steve Jobs !

Steve Jobs and the Seven Rules of Success

BY CARMINE GALLO | October 14, 2011

http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/220515

My understanding of these is:
1. Do what you love
2. Think BIG
3. Make connections - people and ideas
4. say no - stay focused
5. Create insanely different experiences
6. Master the message
7. Sell dreams, not products.

Increase Your Passion for Work Without Becoming Obsessed !

Great blog by Scott Barry Kaufman - Harvard Business Review.  Well work conscidering where we are individually on the scale, and what that tells us about upping our game!
http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2011/09/increase_your_passion_for_work.html